This file defined the text that Patchus Maximus outputs for things such as item names and descriptions. It's important for translators mainly. ENGLISH --> This is the default language's languageID the patcher will fall back to if a string is not available in the language specified in GeneralSettings.xml. I suggest not to touch this. ENGLISH Katana Katana Nodachi Nodachi [...] --> A language consists of ---- languageID: Should be unique among all languages. Exactly one per language. ---- Many "stringBinding" entries Each stringBinding says: "If the patcher wants to write [identifier], let him write [outputString]". Since I wrote everything with the English version in mind, all entries are equal for this particular language. For all other languages, outputString is identifier - but translated. To translate this to language x... - copy-paste the whole language element with languageID ENGLISH somewhere else - replace languageID's content with something new and unique - for all stringBinding elements, take identifier, translate it and write the result to outputString The file is encoded in UTF-8 without BOM; Java might or might not be able to handle special characters. Avoid them if possible.